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2012年专升本考生必备之-词汇篇(一)

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发表于 2011-9-14 10:34:24 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
raise
意 义:vt.举起、提高、提升;筹集、征集;唤起、引起;养育、饲养、种植;提升,增加(工资)
搭 配:raise one’s hand 举手
raise one’s hat to sb. 向某人举帽致敬
raise doubts in people’s minds 引起人们的怀疑
raise a child 养育孩子
raise farm/corps 饲养
raise funds 筹集资金
raise salaries 增加薪水
raise standards of service 提高服务水平
辨析:raise lift raise 多指由低处垂直举往高处,不一定费力
lift 指用力或机械把重物提高到较高的位置
rise arise  arouse rise v.上升
arise v.发生
arouse v.激发起
真 题 Though______in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferredto record the plain facts of small-town life.
A)raised B)grown C)developed D)cultivated
答案:A

extend
意 义:vt.延伸;扩展、扩大;提供、给予;vi.伸展、延伸;(在范围或应用上)达到
构 词:ex(向外)+tend(伸展)
变 形:extension. n.伸出、伸展;延长部分;电话分机
extensive a. 广大的、广阔的;广泛的
intensive a.加强的,深入细致的
搭 配:extensive knowledge 广博的知识
to extend credit/visa 延长信贷限期/签证
extensive reading 泛读
extensive discussion 广泛的讨论
辨析:enlarge expand enlarge v.扩大,放大
expand v.使膨胀,扩张
extend lengthen prolong extend 指直线状的伸展,引申指扩大势力、范围。
lengthen 指增加长度或延长时间。
prolong 指时间过程延长到超过通常或正常的限度。
真 题 It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _____ knowledge.
A) extensive B) expansive C) intensive D) expensive
答案:A

intensive
意 义:a.加强的,集中的,深入细致的;集约(经营)的,精耕细作的
构 词:ex(向外)+tend(伸展)
变 形:intensity n.强烈,剧烈;强度
intensively adv.加强地,集中地,深入细致地
搭 配:intensive study 深入细致的研究
intensive reading 精读
intensive agriculture 集约农业
labour intensity 劳动强度
look at sb. with intensity 深情地看着某人
辨 析 :ntense 意为“非常的;强烈的”,常用于形容某种性质或感情,表示很高或达到极端的程度。
intensive 含有intense的意思,但更强调“精细的;集中的”。An intense attack 全线的攻击;an intensive attack 集中某一点攻击。
真 题:1.The patient’s health failed to such an extent that he was put into____care.
A)tense B)rigid C)intensive D)tight C
2.The relationship between employers and employees has been studied________
A)originally B)extremely C)violently D)intensively
答案:1.C   2.D

available
意 义:a.现成可使用的,在手边的,可利用的;可取得联系的,可得到的
构 词:a(to)+vail(value,价值)+able(后缀)----有利用价值的-----可利用的
搭 配:make sth. available to/for 使…可以享受某物;使….买得起某物
the only available room 唯一可用的房子;
辨 析:available a. 现成可使用的,在手边的,可利用的
handy a. 手边的,就近的,便利的,敏捷的
at hand 在手边,在附近,即将到来
真 题:1.Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are______in grocery stores.
A)ready B)approachable C)probable D) available
2.In general,the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total ____for living expense.
A)acceptable B)available C)advisable D)applicable
答案:1.D   2.B

charge
意 义:n.控告,指控;主管,看管;费用,价钱;负荷,电荷,充电
vt.索价,要......支付;控告,指控;使承担(任务、责任等);使负荷,使充电
搭 配:in charge of 主管,看管
in(under)the charge of 在……的掌管下
charge sb.with 指控某人………
charge(sb.)…(money)for sth. 要价,要(某人)付….(钱)买某物
take charge 开始管理,接管
a positive/negative charge 正/负电荷
be on charge 正充电
at modest charges 以公道的价格
charge for trouble 手续费
charge a battery 给电池充电
辨 析:accuse accuse 指的是严重程度不等的犯罪或冒犯行为,accuse与介词of连用,
charge charge所指的是正式控告或指责具有违法性质的行为,charge与介词with搭配.
真 题:1.She was complaining that the doctor was ________too much for the treatment he was giving her.
A)expending B)offering C)costing D)charging
2.This hotel ____$60 for a single room with bath.
A)charges B)demands C)prices D)claims
答案:1.D   2.A

case
意 义:n.事例,实例,事实,情况;病例;案件;箱,盒,套;手提箱
搭 配 : case in point 有关的事例,例证
a case in point 恰当的例子
in any case 无论如何,不管怎样
in case 假使,以防(引导虚拟语气)
sum up the case 概括事实
in case of 假如,如果发生;防备
in no case 无论如何不,决不
in this/that case 如果这样.那样的话
a case of measles 麻疹病例
appeal a case 申述
pack a case 装箱
in the case of 就…..来说,至于
as the case may be 看情况,根据具体情况
辨 析:case 事实,事例,情况,其可笼统地指一个完整的论题,也可表典型的事例,也可用于表医学上的病例或法律上的案例.
instance 为正式用词,指从事实中援引单独事例,隐含其典型性
重难点、语法规则:in case意为“假使;免得,以防(万一)”。In case引导的从句可以用陈述语气,也可用虚拟语气,虚拟形式为should+动词原形
真 题1.I was advised to arrange for insurance _____I needed medical treatment.
A)nevertheless B) although C)in case D)so that
2.I left for the office earlier than usual this morning _________traffic jam.
A)in line with B)for the sake of C)in case of D)at the risk of
3.We left the manager a note________ he wanted to know where we were.
A)if B)in case C)so that D)unless
4.The lawyer advised him to drop _________,since he stands little chance to win.
A)event B)incident C)case D)affair
答案:1.C  2.C  3.B  4.C

effect
意 义:n.结果、效果; v.实现、使生效
变 形:effective 有效的,生效的,起作用的;给人印象深刻的;实际的,事实上的
effectively 有效地、起作用地
搭 配:bring/carry/put into effect 实行、实现
take effective measures 采取有效措施
effective range 有效射程;
effective ways of reducing pollution 降低污染的有效方法;
take effect 生效、起作用
to the effect that 大意是
effective 有效的、起作用的
in effect 实际上、实质上
come/go into effect 生效
to no effect 无效;毫无结果
辨析:effect  consequence
effect 指明显的原因所产生的后果。
consequence 可指没有明确原因的后果或效果。
effective  valid
effective 表示能产生实际的效果。
valid 指仍为权威部门认可,可以继续使用,是法律用语。
真 题1.They took _______ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.
A) fruitful B) beneficial C) valid D) effective
2.Though the long-term___ can not be predicted, the project has been approved by the committee.
A)affect B)effect C)result D)consequence
3.The new appointment of our president ______from the very beginning of next semester.
A)takes effect B)takes part C)takes place D)takes turn A
答案:1.D  2.B  3.A

transmit
意 义:vt.播送、发射;传送、传染
构 词:trans(从…到….)+mit(发送)
变 形:transmission 播送、发射 ;传送、传染
搭 配:transmit knowledge from one generation to another 把知识由一代传给另一代
transmission of news 消息的传播;
transmit news by radio 由无线电发送消息
真 题:1.American football and baseball are becoming known to the British public through televised _________ from the United States.
A)transfer B) deliveries C) transportation D) transmissions
2.Some diseases are ___ by certain water animals.
A) transplanted B) transformed C) transported D)transmitted
3.Communication is the process of_______a message from a source to an audience via a channel.  
A)transmitting B)submitting C)transforming D)switching
答案:1.D  2.D  3.A

relate
意 义:vi.有关联;适应,和睦相处;vt.使互相关联;讲述,叙述
变 形:relative 相关的,有关的;相对的,比较的;亲属all human values are relative,so beauty is relative to the beholder's eyes.
relatively 相关地,有关地;相对地,比较地
relation 亲属
搭 配:relate to/with 有关联
relative to 有关,涉及
in/with relation to 有关,涉及
close/near relation 近亲
distant relation 远亲
真 题:It is difficult to______cause and effect in this case.
A)unite B)think C)relate D)describe
答案:C

transform
意 义:vt.使改观、改革;变换
构 词:trans(从….到….)+form(形式)
变 形:transformation n. 改观、改革;变换
transformable a.能改变的,能改造的
搭 配:transform….into….. 把…变成…
辨 析:transform change 两词有时可互换,但在骤然改变和神秘地改变时,须用transform
真 题:1.The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural
A) tradition B) transportation C) transmission D) transformation
2.The coming of railways in the 1830s______our society and economic life.
A)transformed B)transported C)transferred D)transmitted
答案:1.D  2.A

transfer
意 义:vt.搬、转移;调动、转移;转让、过户 vi.转移;调动、转移;转车、转程
n.调动、转移
构 词:trans(转移)+fer(运送,传送)
变 形:transference n.转移,转让
transferable a.可转移的,可转让的
transferor n.转让者
搭 配:transfer one’s affection 变心
transfer company 转运公司
transfer from a bus to a train 由公共汽车换乘火车
transfer title to land 转让土地所有权
transfer the property 转让财产
辨析:transfer move 在表示“调动”时,transfer含有在同一大集团中工作或任职的变更的意思,不强调升、降职的意味,只是工作性质的变化。Transfer还可表示感情的转移或货物的运输,一般不用move替换。
move 表示从静止状态开始移动,可以是短距离、小范围或长距离、大范围的移动,也可指不改变位置的活动。
真 题:He hoped the firm would ______ him to the Paris branch.
A) exchange B) transmit C) transfer D) remove
答案:C

adapt
意 义:vt.使适应,使适合;修改,改编 vi. (to)适应
变 形:adaptable a.能适应的,适应性强的
adaptive adj.适应的
adaptation n.适应,适合,改编
adaptor n.编剧者,改编者
搭 配:adapt to 使适合,使适用
adapt from 根据……改写/改编
adapt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯于
辨析:adapt 指作出较大的修改或改变以达到目的。如:She had to adapt herself to local conditions.她必须使自己适应当地的情况
adjust 指作些不重要的轻微调整以便符合要求或适应新情况。如:adjust one's watch/glasses对表/扶眼镜
fit 多指“大小适合”,引申为“吻合”
suit 多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”
match 指“大小、色调、形状、性质等相配或相称”
真 题:The newcomers found it impossible to ________themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country.
A)suit B)adapt C)regulate D)coordinate
I suggested he should________himself to his new conditions.
A)adopt B)suit C)regulate D)adapt
答案:1.B   2.D

alter
意 义:v.改变,改动,变更  
变 形:alterable adj.可变的,可改的
alterant adj.改变的
alteration n.变更,改造
辨析:alter 部分地改变,不失去本性;
change 本质地变化,甚至失去本性,或一种东西退换了另一种东西;
vary 由更替、多样化或生长的变化而引起的一个或一连串变化。
convert 指从一种状态或情况转变为另一种,尤指用于新的目的或用途。
真 题:1.If your new coat is too large ,a tailor can _____it to fit you.
A)alter  B)exchange   C)alternate      D)change
2.She had to _______her dress because she had lost weight.
A)transform B)shift C)alter D)cut
答案:1.A  2.C

arise
意 义:vi.(1)产生,出现,发生;(2)(from)(由……)引起,(由….)产生,起源于;(3)起身,起床
变形:arose arise的过去式
arisen arise的过去分词
辨析:arise  arise和rise都可用于来表示“起床”和“站起身”的意思。Arise常用于较抽象的主语之后
rise 常用于具体的场合
raise 是及物动词,意为“举起;使起来;提高;提出”
arouse 也是及物动词,意为“唤醒;激起;引起”
搭配:arise from/out of 由….引起,起源于
真 题:1.Many difficulties have _____as a result of the change over to a new 无效 of fuel.
A)risen B)arisen C)raised D)arrived
2.A completely new situation will ______when the examination system comes into existence.
A)rise B)arise C)raise D)arouse
答案:1.B  2.B
发表于 2011-9-16 21:59:49 | 显示全部楼层
好东西,要啦!
发表于 2011-10-11 23:11:30 | 显示全部楼层
果断先收着呀~~
发表于 2011-11-26 21:27:19 | 显示全部楼层
好!
发表于 2011-12-2 19:19:03 | 显示全部楼层
呵呵,赞一个
发表于 2012-2-19 18:13:19 | 显示全部楼层
收了
发表于 2012-3-6 22:02:52 | 显示全部楼层
不至于就这个几个单词吧- -
发表于 2012-3-17 15:50:21 | 显示全部楼层
好少啊
发表于 2012-3-19 21:58:45 | 显示全部楼层
不错
发表于 2012-3-22 23:03:06 | 显示全部楼层
做个压缩包下载链接该多好呀
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